Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that makes it hard to:
Tell the difference between what is real and not real.
Act normally in social situations.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Schizophrenia is a complex illness. Mental health experts are not sure what causes it. However, genes may play a role.

Certain events may trigger schizophrenia in people who are at risk for it because of their genes.

You are more likely to develop schizophrenia if you have a family member with the disease.

Schizophrenia affects both men and women equally. It usually begins in the teen years or young adulthood, but it may begin later in life. It tends to begin later in women, and is more mild.

Childhood-onset schizophrenia begins after age 5. Childhood schizophrenia is rare and can be hard to tell apart from other developmental problems in childhood, such as autism.
Symptoms.
Schizophrenia symptoms usually develop slowly over months or years.
At first, you may have the following symptoms:

Irritable or tense feeling.

As the illness continues, you may have problems with thinking, emotions, and behavior, including:

Bizarre behaviors

Hearing or seeing things that are not there (hallucinations)

Lack of emotion (flat affect)

Strongly held beliefs that are not real (delusions)

Thoughts that "jump" between different topics (“loose associations”)
Symptoms depend on the type of schizophrenia you have.

Paranoid schizophrenia symptoms may include:

Anxiety

Anger

False beliefs that others are trying to harm you or your loved ones

Disorganized schizophrenia symptoms may include:

Childlike behavior

Problems thinking and explaining your ideas clearly

Showing little emotion

Catatonic schizophrenia symptoms may include:

Grimacing or other odd expressions on the face

Lack of activity

Rigid muscles and posture

Undifferentiated schizophrenia may include symptoms of more than one other type of schizophrenia.
Tests;
There are no medical tests to diagnose schizophrenia. A psychiatrist should examine you & make the diagnosis on the basis of history,physical examination and family history with mental status examination.
Brain scans (such as CT or MRI) and blood tests may help rule out other conditions that have similar symptoms.
Treatment;
hospitilization if nescessary.
antipsychotic medication.
supportive therapies.